American Board of Medicolegal Death Investigators (ABMDI) Practice Exam

How are first-degree burns characterized?

1. They are deep and blistering

2. They affect only the outer layer of skin

3. They cause muscle damage

4. They result in charring of the skin

The correct answer is: They affect only the outer layer of skin

First-degree burns are characterized by their impact on only the outer layer of skin, known as the epidermis. This type of burn typically results from minor sunburns or brief contact with hot surfaces. The affected area may appear red, dry, and painful, but there is usually no blisters or deeper tissue involvement. The distinction of first-degree burns from other types is important for assessment and treatment. For instance, second-degree burns extend beyond the epidermis into the dermis and often present with blisters and swelling, while third-degree burns penetrate deeper, causing damage to subcutaneous tissue, and may result in charring. Thus, understanding that first-degree burns are limited to the outermost skin layer is crucial for proper identification and management of burn injuries.